Sep 21 2011

Lesson 52: Enclosures

Chromatic and diatonic enclosures are a great way to begin working with melodic embellishment.  In this exercise the 3rd of both a major triad (with an added 9) and the 3rd of a minor triad (with an added 9) are embellished or “enclosed” with 2 chromatic steps below and 2 chromatic steps above the target note (which is, in this case, the aforementioned 3rd). 

There are many ways to enclose a target note or chord tone.  Chromatic and diatonic or whole step enclosures are common, but any group of intervals leading to a a target note could conceptually be thought of as an enclosure.

Getting comfortable with approaching notes by half steps or whole steps is a valuable tool for improvising and also dealing with “mistakes”.  For example, if you hear the 5th of the chord in your head but accidentally play the 4th on your instrument, you can begin a chromatic or diatonic enclosure of the 5th and create a melodic passage out of what might otherwise have broken your flow.  Playing this material in triplets and enclosing different chord tones or target notes can lead to an infinite number for variations.  Chromatic enclosures are difficult to really “hear” and sing.  Start singing them very slowly making sure you’re getting the pitches preceding the target note in tune.  There is a sing along mp3 below for ear training.

~ Enjoy!

 

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Lesson 52:  PDF

 

 

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Sep 20 2011

Lesson 51: Maj 7 #5 melody

Finding melodies on a single note instrument that really bring out the sound of  more complex types of harmony is often a challenge.  Here’s a Major 7 #5 melody I found the other day while doing some slow improvisation.  It’s played in triplets starting on beat one for the bar. 

 

Like many of the other material on the blog, I’d reccomend playing it displaced by one or two triplets as well and perhaps in 8th notes.

 

If you have the patience and/or carpal tunnel/RSI problems try singing the line with the mp3 below while visualising the fingerings.  Using this method, you can practice a long time with no injury or fatigue plus it’s really much better ear training.

 

~ Enjoy!

 

Major 7 #5 Melody PDF

Major 7 #5 Melody Mp3

 

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Sep 19 2011

Lesson 50: Wide Intervals

Here’s an easy way to begin to introduce some wider intervals into your improvisation while still maintaining melodic and harmonic integrity.  This exercise uses a dominant 7th chord, and also includes it’s upperstructure tensions (9, #11, and 13).

The melody starts on the 13, leaps down a major 7th to the b7, up a #5 interval to the #11, down a major 7th to the 5th, up a perfect 5th to the 9th, down a b7 to the major 3rd, up a tri-tone to the b7 and lastly down to the root.

Sounds a bit complicated in words but it actually sounds much simpler and really outlines the sound of the chord clearly.

The material is played as 8th notes starting on the 1st beat of the measure and again as 8th notes starting on the 2nd 8th note of the measure (the “and” of one).

After playing the line through the keys the same intervallic sequence is played again in all triplets starting on the 1st, the 2nd and the 3rd triplet of beat one.  The PDFbelow only includes the written melody in 8th notes however.

~Enjoy!

Lesson 50: dom wide intervals PDF

Lesson 50: dom wide intervals sing along Mp3

 

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Sep 17 2011

Lesson 49: 7sus4

The dominant 7 sus4 chord can be found in most genres of music; blues, jazz, rock, classical, folk, hip hop, etc…  This simple exercise should help you become familiar with the 4 notes of the the sus4 7th chord using an interesting melodic shape. 

In a C7 chord, the 4 notes are C (the root), E (the major 3rd), G (the 5th), Bb (the b7th).

In a C7 sus4 chord the notes are C (the root), F (the suspended 4th which is one half step above the major 3rd found in the C7 chord), G (the fifth) and Bb (the b7th).

For most practical purposes the chord can be treated as a regular dominant 7 in terms of how it functions harmonically.

Once you’re comfortable with the primary 4 notes of the sus 4 7th chord try improvising freely with the group of notes in each key.

~Enjoy!

7 Sus4 PDF

Sing along and visualize fingerings with this:

7 sus4 ear training mp3

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Sep 13 2011

Lesson 48: -7b5

When starting out as an improviser, the half diminished 7th chord is often a difficult chord to hear and play over melodically.  Even after working on it for years the half diminshed chord can still be more challenging to sing over or to play by ear over than, say, a Major 7th chord.  This simple exercise outlines just the 4 notes of the half diminished 7th chord in both inversions and broken arpeggios.   Singing of the material first, to make sure you can really hear what it is you’re working on will insure continued growth over the long haul.

You’ll often find the half diminished chord in a ii-7b5, V7b9,  i-7 progression.  In this context the ii-7b5 is nearly identical (in terms of function) to IV minor chord (as found in a IV minor, V7, i cadence common in classical music).  The main difference is that the 6th degree of the IV minor chord is in the bass, thus creating a half diminished sound.

Once you are comfortable with the the exercise,  try improvising for a while in each key.  Over time, combined with singing the material to train the ear,  this simple exercise should help to clarify the half diminished sound.

Lesson 48: half diminished PDF

Lesson 48 midi mp3

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Sep 7 2011

New CD – Anima

This album was a pleasure to record.  Pianist Leonard Thompson and I did 6 hours of live takes at a Church in Kansas City with a huge Steinway grand and great acoustics.  Playing with Leonard is always a pleasure as he very musical and empathetic, never overplaying or forcing anything.  We spent a few months of sonic weeding, picking versions we were both happy with from over 30 takes.  This is my first “standards” album, although we didn’t play the heads of the tunes, nearly all the tracks are based on the chord progressions to songs from the great American song book.

Album Notes

This recording of saxophone/piano duets presents a natural, free, uncontrived, and largely impromptu musical dialogue between Matt Otto and Leonard Thompson, who have been honing their musical simpatico over the past half decade. Most of the tracks are simultaneous improvisations over harmonic progressions from Great American Songbook and jazz standards, free of their expected melodies. These improvisations, nonetheless, are still rich in melodic content, always showcasing both players’ verve for linear construction and clarity.

Rounding out the recording are 3 tracks of more ostensibly “free” music with no predetermined structure at all, as well as 2 original pre-composed melodies(one penned from each player) with no corresponding improvisations. For all of the freedom of approach that permeates the recording, it is always rhythmically grounded, dynamically balanced, and shows a keen awareness of space and texture.

Matt Otto – tenor sax

Leonard Thompson – piano

Recorded april 10, 2011, at All Souls Unitarian

Church, Kansas City, MO. engineered by Chad

Meise. mixed and mastered by Matt Otto.

Cover art “twin 1” by Malaika Zweig

Review:

Jazz Society of Oregon

CD Reviews – December 2012

by Tim Willcox

Anima, Matt Otto, saxophone, and Leonard Thompson,
piano.
This excellent duo outing by two of modern jazz’s unsung masters showcases the symbiosis that can grow from a prolonged musical relationship. Saxophonist Otto of Kansas City, and pianist Thompson of NYC, find themselves exchanging and crafting stories over the changes to standards from the American Songbook. Flanked by a few completely improvised tracks as well as an original apiece from each musician, Anima is one of those rare albums where the music is performed in such a democratic matter, it’s impossible to pinpoint who the leader of the date was. We come away with the impression that the only thing leading this recording was the music itself.

There’s an intimacy in sound achieved partly through the virtual absence of reverb on this recording. Recorded in mid-2001 at a church in Kansas City, one feels that they may be tucked away in between the piano and saxophone in somebody’s living room. There’s a warm dryness that prevails throughout the session, a reminder to us that – when it comes down to it – no amount of flashy studio gear can truly change the quality of the music as it’s going into the microphone.

Both Otto and Thompson draw from a significant palate of sound and texture. Otto’s control over the saxophone, both in terms of timbre and technique, is truly remarkable. Able to color his tone with the most subtle and minute adjustments of sound and volume, the listener feels as if they are watching a great master painter add tiny bits of color to a blank canvas. Otto lets them blend together as they dry and crack into a thing of pure beauty. Thompson at times has a pointillistic approach to the piano, evoking images of both Monk and Chick Corea. At other times, he plays in a vein reminiscent of Bill Evans’s “The Solo Sessions.” On this recording, he avoids playing block chords and using classic piano accompaniment tactics, instead picking apart the harmony and playing singular lines against, within, and on top of Otto’s voice. The result is a openness which pervades the entirety of “Anima.” The two musicians are never competing for sonic space, instead giving each other enough room in which to coexist.

Otto’s virtuosity is especially apparent on the opening track, a slower-than-slow rubato take on the changes to the great ballad “Body and Soul,” in which he lays out the history of the saxophone from Coleman Hawkins to John Coltrane to Mark Turner and beyond. “Ground Bloom,” for instance, is a sort of bluesy, funky-free abstract piece which showcases his mastery of extended saxophone techniques. The track reminds me of Joe Henderson’s use of multiphonics and overtones, as well as the bird-like flutters and swoops of sound one associates with Dewey Redman, Sam Rivers, Ornette Coleman and the modern master, Joe Lovano. Another aspect of both Otto’s as well as Thompson’s playing is their thoroughly impressive control over dynamic shading.

Using, as a framework in which to craft their conversations, the harmony from tunes like Benny Golson’s “Stablemates,” Monk’s “Let’s Cool One” and Ellington’s “Prelude to a Kiss,” among other classics, Otto and Thompson often remind the listener of Lee Konitz and Warne Marsh in the way they craft collaborative “solos.” At most points during this album, it’s impossible to tell who is soloing and who is not. The musician’s ego gets lost.

There are a few tracks which act as vehicles for Otto’s unaccompanied saxophone, once again showcasing his mastery of sound, harmony, and melody. Thompson also has moments to shine on his own, though he is mostly content being the other half of this puzzle. The clarity of ideas and communication between Otto and Thompson, coupled with a sense of discovery and impeccable rhythmic timing, further enhance the quality. This is some of the most sensitively music this reviewer has heard in a long time. Jazz fans, musician and non-musician alike will find “Anima” alluring, mysterious, and worthy of countless plays.


Sep 1 2011

Lesson 46: Altered Melody

Here’s a short melody that uses all the notes from the Altered Scale (the 7th mode of the Melodic Minor Scale).  While chord-scale theory can be a valuable part of learning to improvise, finding an actual melody, not just the a scale, really helps bring out the true aural color of the chord.  This melody starts by outlining the shell of the dominant 7th (root, b7, 3) and than touches upon each of the altered tensions, #5, #11, #9 and b9.   First work on singing the melody slowly over a drone to make sure you have a strong aural image of the material, than play it on your instrument through the keys.

As with all the material on the blog, I recommend memorizing each idea.  I feel even memorizing one idea in one key is more valuable than playing through all the material sight reading.

As a variation, try mixing up the order of the tensions and/or the shell voicing.  You may stumble across many sounds and shapes that you like.

 

Lesson 46: Alt Dom Melody PDF

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